Seafood Consumption. Glycemia, and Diabetes in Chennai, India: a Cross-Sectional Study Open Access

Abstract

Studies of the association between seafood consumption and diabetes risk generally focus on broad categories of fish and shellfish consumption. Seafoods are heterogeneous in nutrients and contaminants, so epidemiology considering specific seafoods is needed. Our objectives were to estimate the cross-sectional associations of seafood consumption with diabetes, glycated hemoglobin A1c, and fasting glucose and to evaluate if those associations differed across trophic level. A total of 6,979 adults participated in a diet and cardiometabolic disease survey in 2016, and a total of 24 types of seafood were considered in this analysis. More than monthly consumption of salmon and nagarai was associated with confounder-adjusted HbA1c distributions (Bonferroni-significant, with 3d F-test P-values of 4 x  and 1 x ); and confounder-adjusted fasting glucose was 5% lower among people eating salmon monthly, but this was not Bonferonni-significant. However, these fish were not commonly eaten by the Chennai population. More than monthly consumption of katla and koduva was associated with lower adjusted odds of diabetes, but reverse causality is possible, where diabetes diagnosis changed dietary patterns. In meta-regression, trophic levels of seafood items did not predict seafood-specific associations. Overall, these results suggest that seafood is not a major driver of diabetes in Chennai.

Table of Contents

Introduction. 1

Methods. 2

Results. 8

Discussion. 10

Funding. 12

Acknowledgements 12

References. 13

Tables and Figures. 15

About this Master's Thesis

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School	Rollins School of Public Health
Department	Environmental Health
Degree	M.P.H.
Submission	Master's Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Environmental Health
Keyword	Diabetes Mellitus Marine Biology Nutritional Sciences One Health Nutrition Surveys Glycated hemoglobin A1c
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Matthew O. Gribble, Emory University

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