Black Feminism and Figures of the Black Mater(nal) Restricted; Files Only

Stevenson, Morinade (Spring 2024)

Permanent URL: https://etd.library.emory.edu/concern/etds/bz60cx76q?locale=pt-BR%2A
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to reconsider Sylvia Wynter’s theory of humanism. This theoretical posture situates Wynter’s extensive oeuvre within a western universalism; one that Wynter staunchly rejects in her early interventions. In my endeavor to reinterpret her theory of humanism, the overall aim of my project thus became to read Wynter’s work within the Caribbean context of her earlier writings. Although her later work fully tends towards a humanism which, as she says, re-enchants humanism, I argued that her notion of liminality should not be read from a western point of view. 

 

 

This dissertation contends with questions of Black being and the question of humanism that has recently re-emerged in scholarship on the work of Sylvia Wynter. I consider questions concerning the limits of discourse and its ability to account for the being of Black(ened) subjects in accordance with the figure of the human in Wynterian scholarship. With Wynter’s work contextualized, I make a critical intervention into the fields of Black feminist philosophy, critical philosophy of race, feminist philosophy, and black critical theory. When one reads her earlier scholarship, one finds coupled with her extensive account of the plantation system on the islands, an understanding of education as initiation into a culture that produces the conundrum I chart across multiple chapters. Her work investigates asks: How does one combat the violent imposition of a white culture that incessantly insists on the inferiority of black persons? And what tools are available to Caribbean people to combat what happens at the level of the psyche when such messages are internalized? Any account that seeks to seriously engage with the work of Wynter must consider this period as pivotal to the development of her later scholarship, which unfolds while teaching in the U.S.

 

Table of Contents

Introduction                                                                                                            1                                                                                                            

Chapter 1 – Wynter’s Humanism: Why is Wynter a humanist?                                            17             

   §1 Wynter’s Use of Marxism                                                                    21             

  §2 “Novel and History, Plot and Plantation”: A Marxist Account of the novel form      25      

§3 “Ceremony Must Be Found” (1984)                                                            29        

§4 1492 (1995)                                                                               31        

§5 Note on Method: Wynter and Foucault                                                        37        

§6 Genealogical and Dialectical Thinking in Wynter                                          41          

    §7 Wynter’s Autopoesis                                                                               44     

 

Chapter 2 – Wynter: Epistemological Thrust                                                              49

§1 On Language                                                                                        50               

 §2 Wynter: Caribbean Autopoeisis                                                           55     

   §3 Fanon: Ontogeny vs Sociogeny                                                                       57

§4 Palmer: The World—Being/Sensing/Knowing                                            66                 

§5 Use of Wynter’s methodology: On the Symbol                                              69        

§6 DANA                                                                                          73            

     §7 The Problem of Stereotypes and its Answer on the Interpretive model                     74        

 

Chapter 3 – Fungibility and Plasticity                                                                         78

       §1 Discursive Space                                                                                     79

§2 On Sovereignty and the Body                                                             85        

 

§3 Denise Ferreira da Silva on Sovereignty                                                         92   

§4 Permanent State of Injury: State Sanctioned Violence against Black (non)citizens    95   

 §5 Rizvana Bradley: The Question of Form                                                          98

§6 The Aesthetic Subject                                                                         104      

§7 Jackson’s Black mater(nal) figure and the Sublime                                    106      

§8 Black Femininity and death                                                                    116

§9 Without a Body                                                                                  119

                                                                                

Chapter 4 – Wynter’s Early Works                                                                            123

§1 The Concept of the National Hero                                                            125

§2 The Nation and the Symbol                                                                127      

§3 Language Reconsidered                                                                       129      

§4Medieval Race and Blackness                                                             133     

 §5 Creole Dialect                                                                                      140      

§6 Stuart Hall                                                                                           151      

§7 Édouard Glissant                                                                                    154

§8 The Nation: Creolization and Myth Making                                                158     

 §9 Invention and Caribbean Poetics                                                                161      

§10 Katherine McKittrick on Demonic Ground(s)                                              169

§11 Critical Fabulation                                                                            1734    

Coda                                                                                                            180

The Cyborg                                                                                                          188

References                                                                                                  199

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