Intimate Partner Violence Among LGBTQ+ Adults in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Open Access
Huster, Sofia (Spring 2022)
Abstract
Background: Rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) among lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning (LGBTQ+) individuals may be equivalent to or higher than rates among the general population (Edwards et al., 2015). Understanding IPV among LGBTQ+ populations is of particular importance in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), as this region has some of the highest rates of violence against this population (Malta et al., 2019). This study presents the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on IPV among LGBTQ+ adults in LAC, focused on four key areas: prevalence, measurement, risk and protective factors, and interventions.
Methods: Ten electronic databases were searched for key terms. Articles were included in the review if they: (1) were published after 2000; (2) contained samples of LGBTQ+ adults over the age of 18 (3) included any form of IPV (physical, sexual, psychological, etc.); and (4) reported on one of the four key aims.
Results: Out of 1,234 articles, 22 articles met inclusion criteria. Our findings show LBGTQ+ people in LAC experience IPV at similar or higher rates as heterosexuals; the pooled prevalence of any IPV victimization among studies in this review was 28% and ranged from 0.4-91.4%. Inconsistencies in estimates may be due to inconsistent measures and variability in subpopulations. Further, this review identified key risk factors for IPV among these populations included alcohol use, perceived/experienced discrimination, transactional sex, and childhood/adolescent experiences of violence. Protective factors and interventions are not well understood in this context, as there was little to no data.
Conclusion: The research on IPV among LGBTQ+ adults in LAC is limited but has been growing in recent years. However, research has primarily focused on men who have sex with men and transgender women. There is a need to develop studies focusing on bisexual populations, transgender men, intersex, and other sexual gender minority populations. The high prevalence of IPV among LGBTQ+ individuals in LAC, inconsistency in definitions and measures, unique risk factors and lack of interventions found in this review demonstrate the need for further standardized research on this population.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION 1
Background 1
Prevalence 4
Measurement 6
Risk and Protective Factors 7
Interventions 10
Context 11
Purpose 11
METHODS 13
Research Questions and Aims 13
Search Strategy 13
Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria 14
Title/Abstract Review 14
Full Text Review 15
Quality Assessment 16
Data Extraction and Analysis 17
RESULTS 19
Overview of studies 19
Meta-analysis of prevalence 27
Overview 27
Any IPV Victimization 28
Physical IPV Victimization 29
Sexual IPV Victimization 29
Psychological IPV Victimization 30
Qualitative Studies 31
Summary 32
IPV Perpetration 39
Descriptive analysis of measurement 40
Descriptive analysis of risk factors 43
Descriptive analysis of protective factors 46
Descriptive analysis of correlates and associations 47
Descriptive analysis of interventions 54
DICUSSION 55
Study Overview 55
Prevalence 58
Measurement 65
Risk Factors 70
Protective factors 76
Correlates and associations 77
Interventions 79
Limitations 80
Conclusions and Implications 82
REFERENCES 87
APPENDICES 112
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Intimate Partner Violence Among LGBTQ+ Adults in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis () | 2022-04-26 12:45:44 -0400 |
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