Rumination in Trauma Narratives: Gendered Implications Open Access
Liu, Xinyu (2016)
Abstract
Objective: Rumination is closely linked to both PTSD and depression in previous research, but mostly examined as a general response style. To study rumination in the context of specific traumatic event, we developed a new measure of rumination that captures the overall ruminative pattern exhibited in a specific trauma narrative, and examined relations between narrative rumination and well-being by gender.
Method: 224 undergraduate students completed narratives of traumatic event and wellbeing measures. Narratives were coded for rumination and cognitive processing.
Results: Females exhibited more narrative rumination and higher levels of depression and PTSD than males. But only males' narrative rumination positively relate to PTSD and depression symptoms. Moderating effect of narrative cognitive processing explained why the relation was absent for females. When females engaged in high cognitive processing, narrative rumination did not relate to more PTSD symptoms.
Conclusions: The new coding scheme extends previous research on rumination and wellbeing. Narrative rumination has very different implications for females and for males. Distinguishing different types of rumination in narrative is meaningful.
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION. 1
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depression and Rumination. 1
Narratives and Narrative Meaning-making. 5
Narrative Rumination. 8
Current Study. 11
METHOD. 12
RESULTS. 15
DISCUSSION. 18
REFERENCES. 26
TABLES. 37
FIGURES. 42
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