The Association Between Physical Activity, Sitting, and Sleep on 1-Year Change in Weight and Waist Circumference in CPS-3 Validation Cohort Study Open Access

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the association between moderate/vigorous physical activity, sitting time, and sleep patterns on 1-year change in weight and waist circumference within the Cancer Prevention Study-3 (CPS-3) Cohort between 2015 and 2016. Each of these activities, individually, has been associated with changes in body composition over long-term durations in previous studies, but this study offered a unique opportunity to study these factors collectively in a diverse cohort of men and women over a 1-year period. 664 eligible participants completed a pre-survey at the beginning and a post-survey at the end of a 1-year follow up duration, including questions on self-reported weight, waist circumference (WC), physical activity, sitting time, and sleep duration. Multivariable polytomous logistic regression models were used with physical activity, sitting time, or sleep individually, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, and further mutually adjusted for all remaining exposures.

There was a significant association between proportion of the day spent sitting and weight gain (OR=1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03, 1.35), proportion of the day spent sitting and WC loss (OR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.94), as well as between >8 hours sleep duration and weight gain (OR=0.51, 95% CI: 0.26, 0.99). All other associations considered were not statistically significant. There was a positive association between the highest levels of physical activity and weight loss/waist loss (ORweight loss=1.47, 95% CI: 0.74, 2.92, ORWC=1.53, 95% CI: 0.83, 2.84)), and between the highest levels of TV sitting time and weight gain (OR=1.45, 95% CI: 0.82, 2.56). Though there are directional trends in many of these associations, they were widely non-significant. These findings suggest no convincing evidence of an association between 1-year weight change or waist circumference change with physical activity, sitting time, or sleep duration, though this may be explained by uncontrolled factors within this study or a general lack of power to detect such associations.

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Chapter I: Background......................................................................................................... 1

Physical Activity..................................................................................................................... 2

Sedentary Behavior................................................................................................................ 4

Sleep Duration....................................................................................................................... 7

Chapter II: Methods............................................................................................................. 9

Data Source and Study Population............................................................................................ 9

Exposure Assessment............................................................................................................ 10

Outcome Assessment............................................................................................................ 12

Statistical Analyses............................................................................................................... 13

Chapter III: Results........................................................................................................... 15

Chapter IV: Discussion....................................................................................................... 18

References......................................................................................................................... 26

Appendix (Tables and Figures)........................................................................................... 29

Figure 1............................................................................................................................... 29

Table 1................................................................................................................................ 30

Table 2................................................................................................................................ 32

Table 3................................................................................................................................ 33

Table 4................................................................................................................................ 34

Table 5................................................................................................................................ 34

Table 6................................................................................................................................ 35

Table 7................................................................................................................................ 36

Table 8................................................................................................................................ 37

Table 9................................................................................................................................ 38

Table 10.............................................................................................................................. 39

Table 11.............................................................................................................................. 40

Table 12.............................................................................................................................. 41

Table 13.............................................................................................................................. 42

Supplemental Tables and Figures....................................................................................... 43

Table S1.............................................................................................................................. 43

Table S2.............................................................................................................................. 45

About this Master's Thesis

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School	Rollins School of Public Health
Department	Epidemiology
Degree	MPH
Submission	Master's Thesis
Language	English
Research Field	Health Sciences, Public Health Health Sciences, Epidemiology
Keyword	Physical Activity Weight Change Sedentary Behavior Sleep
Committee Chair / Thesis Advisor	Fedirko, Veronika, Emory University
Committee Members	Patel, Alpa, American Cancer Society
Partnering Agencies	National or regional non-profit organization (e.g., American Cancer Society)

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