Adoption and Sustained Use of the Arborloo in Rural Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study Open Access
Fry, Dionna (2014)
Abstract
In rural Ethiopia, 81% of the population utilized
unimproved or no sanitation in 2011. 16.2% of the
total burden of disease and 14.9% of all deaths in Ethiopia were
attributable to water, sanitation, and hygiene in 2004.
In 1999, Peter Morgan developed the arborloo, a low-cost,
composting toilet, for use in rural areas with poor sanitation
coverage. The arborloo allows users to plant trees on their
nutrient rich composted excreta.
CRS began promoting the arborloo in 2004 and has provided 80,000 arborloos to Ethiopian households. We assessed the adoption of the arborloo and sustained arborloo use in CRS intervention communities. We collected 690 household surveys including GIS data and conducted 24 key informant interviews and 33 in depth interviews.
The arborloo had high rates of adoption in study areas. CRS reached 462 (67.0%) of surveyed households. We found strong evidence that arborloo usage was sustained. Of the 462 households who ever had the arborloo, 352 (76.2%) had sustained arborloo use at the time of the survey. Sustainability was most strongly associated with use of the arborloo pit for planting, male head of household having some education, receipt of a cement slab, and socio-economic status.
Table of Contents
1. LITERATURE REVIEW
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Sanitation Gap
1.3. Sanitation Gap in Ethiopia
1.4. Health Effects of Poor Sanitation Coverage
1.5. Ecological Sanitation
1.6. Risks and Challenges Associated with Eco-san
1.7. The Arborloo
2. STUDY BACKGROUND
2.1. CRS Arborloo Intervention Background
2.2. Current Study Justification and Background
2.3. Expanded Research Aims and Problem Statement
3. MANUSCRIPT
3.1. Abstract
3.2. Key Words
3.3. Introduction
3.4. Methodology
3.5. Results
3.6. Discussion
4. FINAL THOUGHTS
4.1. Conclusions
4.2. Recommendations
5. REFERENCES
6. APPENDICIES
6.1. Survey Tool and Consent
6.2. Key Informant Interview Guide and Consent
6.3. In-depth Interview Guide and Consent
6.4. IRB Letter
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