Diet-Induced Regional and Sex-Dependent Changes in Markers of Neuroinflammation Open Access
Amran, Albert (2017)
Abstract
Diet-Induced Regional and Sex-Dependent Changes in Markers of Neuroinflammation
By Albert Amran
A common hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases (ND) is chronic activation of the immune response in the central nervous system (CNS). The immune system is thought to be dysregulated in ND patients, leading to a pathological cascade of inflammation and apoptosis that is unable to be properly controlled. Through the identification of risk factors, researchers have begun to focus on what may precipitate dysregulation of the immune response in ND patients. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) has been shown to be more common in patients with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), prompting researchers to focus on how factors in MetS could influence the immune system. In this study, we explore how an inflammatory high-fat high-fructose (HFHF) diet capable of generating MetS-like conditions impacts the transcription of several immune factors in the prefrontal cortices and hippocampi of mice. Previous studies have focused on the influence of diet on the hypothalamus, the brain's center of metabolic control, and excluded other regions of the brain that are not directly involved with dietary intake. Here we show that diet generates transcriptional restriction of immune factors in the hippocampi of male mice, and that the prefrontal cortex is relatively resistant to a HFHF diet. Additionally, sex differences in the transcription of immune factors of mice fed a control diet were non-existent in mice fed a HFHF diet. These findings demonstrate that no significant dysregulation of the immune response was observed in response to a chronic inflammatory diet. Furthermore, female hippocampi were relatively resistant to the effects of the diet. The results of this study add to a growing body of evidence that diet is able to influence the immune response of the brain.
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Section Page
Introduction………………………………………….1
Background………………………………………...…1
Experimental Approach.....………………………...3
Methods……………………………………………...6
Results……………………………………………….8
Effect of Sex…………………………………………...8
Effect of Diet…………………………………………..11
Modeling of Chronic vs. Acute Neuroinflammation.....13
Discussion…………………………………………..14
References…………………………………………..23
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